Ray Winstone's character

H

Henry Jones Junior

Member
Moedred said:
Then how would you describe peacetime - the twenties, the fifties, the nineties?
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Agreed...the right doesn't know how to make money the way we did in the 90's. They are not scientifically driven. They are driven by lobbyists today so there's the 90's out of your equation. On to the fifties, we had just come off of winning the most modern war. Obviusly industry will benefit from that.
 
Dr.Sartorius

Dr.Sartorius

New member
We've been involved in military operations in almost every decade since we've become a country. The term, "peacetime" is pretty much an Orwellian oxymoron.
 
RaiderMitch

RaiderMitch

TR.N Staff Member
wait -- the movie has Ray aging from teens to 70s -- could those crazy rumors about Indy being a young man in the movie be real? Maybe that New Haven security Guard knew what he was talking about -- maybe Indy freaks out and runs outside when he sees himself -- Mutt -- drive by?
 
S

sarah navarro

New member
Mitchellhallock said:
wait -- the movie has Ray aging from teens to 70s -- could those crazy rumors about Indy being a young man in the movie be real? Maybe that New Haven security Guard knew what he was talking about -- maybe Indy freaks out and runs outside when he sees himself -- Mutt -- drive by?
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woah!!!! that sounds crazy and true! man im so exited :D
sounds good to me.
i heard you say something about this before , but what exactly did the security guard tell you??
 
AHegele

AHegele

New member
Please no de-aging for Indy. Leave it be old school FX and little CGI. God knows it made the opening to X3 goofy. And no young Indy flashbacks, nobody can top River. Ah what am i talking about, I trust Sir Spielberg.
 
NileQT87

NileQT87

Member
ok, i've tried to compile a 20th century history lesson for all of you:

1900s:

* The New Imperialism refers to the colonial expansion adopted by Europe's powers and, later, Japan and the United States, during the late 19th and early 20th centuries; approximately from the Franco-Prussian War to World War I (c. 1871?1914). The period is distinguished by an unprecedented pursuit of what has been termed "empire for empire's sake," aggressive competition for overseas territorial acquisitions.
* Demand for Home Rule for Ireland.
* The Second Boer War was fought from 11 October 1899 until 31 May 1902, between the British Empire and the two independent Boer republics of the Orange Free State and the South African Republic. After a protracted, hard-fought war, the two independent republics were absorbed into the British Empire.
* American proclamation of the end of the Philippine-American War.
* British colonies in Australia federate, forming the Commonwealth of Australia.
* Russo-Japanese War establishes the Empire of Japan as a world power.
* The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and the French Third Republic sign Entente Cordiale.
* In 1903, a priest, Father George Gapon, formed the Assembly of Russian Workers. 1904 was a bad year for Russian workers. Prices of essential goods rose so quickly that real wages declined by 20 per cent. When four members of the Assembly of Russian Workers were dismissed at the Putilov Iron Works, Gapon called for industrial action. Over the next few days over 110,000 workers in St. Petersburg went out on strike. In an attempt to settle the dispute, George Gapon decided to make a personal appeal to Nicholas II. He drew up a petition outlining the workers' sufferings and demands. Over 150,000 people signed the petition and, on 22 January 1905, Gapon led a large procession of workers to the Winter Palace in order to present the petition to Nicholas II. When the procession of workers reached the Winter Palace it was attacked by the police and the Cossacks. Over 100 workers were killed and some 300 wounded. The incident, known as Bloody Sunday, signaled the start of the 1905 Revolution.

1910s:

* Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary leads to World War I.
* Romania is unified with Transylvania and Bessarabia.
* Easter Rising against the British in Ireland; eventually leads to Irish independence.
* Xinhai Revolution causes the overthrow of China's ruling Qing Dynasty, and the establishment of the Republic of China.
* George V becomes king in Britain.
* Finland gains independence in 1917.
* World War I, known then as the Great War and referred to as "The War To End All Wars," was a global military conflict which took place primarily in Europe between 1914 and 1918. More than nine million soldiers and civilians died. The conflict had a decisive impact on the history of the 20th century.
* The Entente Powers, led by France, Russia, the United Kingdom, and later Italy (from 1915) and the United States (from 1917), defeated the Central Powers, led by the Austro-Hungarian, German, and Ottoman Empires. Russia withdrew from the war after the revolution in 1917.
* The Treaty of Versailles (1919) was the peace treaty which officially ended World War I between the Allied and Associated Powers and Germany. Of the many provisions in the treaty, one of the most important and controversial provisions required Germany and its allies to accept full responsibility for causing the war and, under the terms of articles 231-248, disarm, make substantial territorial concessions and pay reparations to certain countries that had formed the Allies.
* The war caused the disintegration of four empires: the Austro-Hungarian, German, Ottoman and Russian. Germany lost its colonial empire and states such as Czechoslovakia, Estonia, Finland, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland and Yugoslavia gained independence. The cost of waging the war set the stage for the breakup of the British Empire as well and left France devastated for more than a generation.
* The Russian Civil War lasted from 1917 to 1922. It began immediately after the collapse of the Russian provisional government and the Bolshevik takeover of Petrograd, rapidly intensifying after Lenin's dissolution of the Russian Constituent Assembly and the Trotsky-negotiated signing of the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk. Although the war was multi-sided and included foreign forces from several countries, the main hostilities took place between Bolshevik forces, known as the Red Army, and loosely-allied anti-Bolshevik forces, known as the White Army.
* The 1917 February Revolution in Russia and the overthrow of Czar Nicholas II caught Lenin by surprise. He realized that he must return to Russia as soon as possible, but this was problematic, as he was isolated in neutral Switzerland as the First World War raged throughout neighboring states. The Swiss communist Fritz Platten nonetheless managed to negotiate with the German government for Lenin and his company to travel through Germany by rail, on the so-called "sealed train". The German government clearly hoped Lenin's return would create political unrest back in Russia, which would help to end the war on the Eastern front, allowing Germany to concentrate on defeating the Western allies. Once through Germany, Lenin continued by ferry to Sweden; the remainder of the journey through Scandinavia was subsequently arranged by Swedish communists Otto Grimlund and Ture Nerman. On April 16, 1917 Lenin arrived by train to a tumultuous reception at Finland Station, in Petrograd.[9] He immediately took a leading role within the Bolshevik movement, publishing the April Theses.
* October Revolution in Russia leads to the first Communist government; assassination of Emperor Nicholas II and the royal family in 1918.

1920s:
* Rise of communism after World War I.
* The Red Scare in the United States (1920-1921).
* In the United States, peak of the Ku Klux Klan (about five million members).
* Irish War of Independence (1919-1921) and Irish Civil War (1922-23). The Irish Free State gains independence from the United Kingdom in 1922.
* Turkish War of Independence.
* Secondly, Weimar Republic Germany, like many other European countries, had to face a severe economic downturn in the opening years of the decade, because of the enormous debt caused by the war as well as the one-sided Treaty of Versailles. Such a crisis would culminate with a devaluation of the Mark in 1923, eventually leading to severe economic problems and the rise of the Nazis.
* Prohibition ? legal attempt to end consumption of alcohol in Canada, the USA, Norway and Finland. Many social problems have been attributed to the Prohibition era. A profitable, often violent, black market for alcohol flourished. Racketeering happened when powerful gangs corrupted law enforcement agencies. Stronger liquor surged in popularity because its potency made it more profitable to smuggle. The cost of enforcing prohibition was high, and the lack of tax revenues on alcohol (some $500 million annually nationwide) affected government coffers. When repeal of prohibition occurred in 1933, organized crime lost nearly all of its black market alcohol profits in most states (states still had the right to enforce their own laws concerning alcohol consumption), because of competition with low-priced alcohol sales at legal liquor stores. Moderation League of New York worked for repeal of prohibition.
* Polish-Soviet war.
* First Labour Government of Ramsay MacDonald formed in the United Kingdom.
* Kellogg-Briand Pact to end war.
* Prohibition leaders were at the height of their power.
* The Qajar dynasty ended under Ahmad Shah Qajar and Reza Shah Pahlavi formed the Pahlavi Dynasty, which would later become the last monarchy of Iran.
* Hitler publishes Mein Kampf, a book that foreshadows many of the events in the 1930s.
* Mussolini became Italy's Prime Minister and started a fascist dictatorship.
* The Stock Market collapsed during October 1929 (Black Tuesday) and drew a line under the prosperous 1920s.

1930s:
* Socialists proclaim The death of Capitalism.
* Rise to power of Adolf Hitler and Nazism in Germany.
* In the Soviet Union, agricultural collectivization and rapid industralization take place, and the Great Purge occurs, in which much of the Soviet political and military establishment is eliminated.
* Almost all of Continental Europe moves to Authoritarianism or Totalitarianism.
* Éamon de Valera introduces a new constitution for the Irish Free State, effectively ending its status as a British Dominion.
* Starts or continue the Estado Novo in Brazil and Portugal.
* Advent of the modern welfare state in New Zealand and Sweden.
* The Empire of Japan invades the Republic of China in the Second Sino-Japanese War.
* Italian Invasion of Ethiopia.
* The Spanish Civil War.
 
NileQT87

NileQT87

Member
1940s:
* Nazi Germany invades Denmark, Norway, Benelux, France, and the Soviet Union from 1940-1941.
* Under Stalin's leadership, the Soviet Union played a decisive role in the defeat of Nazi Germany in the Second World War (1941-45) and went on to achieve the status of superpower. His crash programs of industrialization and collectivization in the 1930s, along with his ongoing campaigns of political repression, are estimated to have cost the lives of up to 20 million people.
* Stalin vastly increased the scope and power of the state's secret police and intelligence agencies. Under his guiding hand, Soviet intelligence forces began to set up intelligence networks in most of the major nations of the world, including Germany (the famous Rote Kappelle spy ring), Great Britain, France, Japan, and the United States. Stalin saw no difference between espionage, communist political propaganda actions, and state-sanctioned violence, and he began to integrate all of these activities within the NKVD. Stalin made considerable use of the Communist International movement in order to infiltrate agents and to ensure that foreign Communist parties remained pro-Soviet and pro-Stalin. One of the best early examples of Stalin's ability to integrate secret police and foreign espionage came in 1940, when he gave approval to the secret police to have Leon Trotsky assassinated in Mexico.
* Shortly before, during and immediately after World War II, Stalin conducted a series of deportations on a huge scale which profoundly affected the ethnic map of the Soviet Union. It is estimated that between 1941 and 1949 nearly 3.3 million were deported to Siberia and the Central Asian republics. Separatism, resistance to Soviet rule and collaboration with the invading Germans were cited as the official reasons for the deportations. During Stalin's rule the following ethnic groups were deported completely or partially: Ukrainians, Poles, Koreans, Volga Germans, Crimean Tatars, Kalmyks, Chechens, Ingush, Balkars, Karachays, Meskhetian Turks, Finns, Bulgarians, Greeks, Armenians, Latvians, Lithuanians, Estonians, and Jews. Large numbers of Kulaks, regardless of their nationality, were resettled to Siberia and Central Asia. Deportations took place in appalling conditions, often by cattle truck, and hundreds of thousands of deportees died en route. Those who survived were forced to work without pay in the labour camps. Many of the deportees died of hunger or other conditions.
* The United States enter World War II after the attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941.
* Germany and Japan suffer defeats at Stalingrad, El Alamein, and Midway in 1942 and 1943.
* D-Day (June 6, 1944).
* Germany surrenders May 7, 1945.
* Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki (August 6 and August 9, 1945); Japan surrenders on August 15.
* World War II officially ends on September 2, 1945.
* The Holocaust is the term generally used to describe the killing of approximately six million European Jews during World War II, as part of a program of deliberate extermination planned and executed by the National Socialist regime in Germany led by Adolf Hitler. Other groups were persecuted and killed by the regime, including the Roma, Soviet POWs, disabled people, gay men, Jehovah's Witnesses, Catholic Poles, and political prisoners. Taking into account all the victims of Nazi persecution, the death toll rises considerably: estimates generally place the total number of victims at nine to eleven million.
* United Nations established in 1945.
* In 1946, former British PM Winston S. Churchill gives his famous "Iron Curtain" speech with US President Harry S Truman present.
* Beginning of the Cold War (generally thought of as somewhere from 1946-1949)
* Independence for some former colonies (including India and Pakistan in 1947, Israel in 1948, and Indonesia in 1949).
* 1948 Arab-Israeli War.
* The Irish Free State becomes a republic in 1948.
* NATO founded in 1949.
* The Chinese Civil War ends in victory for the Communists in 1949. The Nationalists government retreat to Taiwan.
* The Berlin blockade in 1948.
* Informbiro period in Yugoslavia begins.
* Truman Doctrine is created.
* Soviets test their first nuclear bomb in 1949 (Soviet atomic bomb project). This is seen by some as the beginning of the Cold War.

1950s:

* Most of the countries of the Middle East continued in the national divisions created by their former European occupiers. However, with the growing importance of their abundance of oil, the otherwise mostly impoverished states experienced an increase of wealth to mostly the elite aristocratic or later theocratic regimes.
* The growth of the state of Israel continued.
* Mahmoud Abbas became involved in Palestinian politics in Qatar.
* In 1958 American troops entered Lebanon to restore order.
* Decolonization was occurring in Africa in the 1950s. In 1956 Sudan, Tunisia, and Morocco became independent. In 1954 guerrillas started the Algerian War of Independence. France continued its occupation and extensively used torture and death squads in an attempt to win the war. They were later forced out, but not until after training through example some of the most skilled torturers of the late 20th century.
* The Mau Mau began their terrorist attacks against the British in Kenya. This led to concentration camps in Kenya, the retreat of the British, and the election of former terrorist Kenyatta as leader of Kenya.
* Africa experienced the beginning of large-scale top-down economic interventions in the 1950s that failed to cause improvement and led to charitable exhaustion by the West as the century went on. The widespread corruption was not dealt with and war, disease, and famine continue to be constant problems in this region.
* The nations of the People's Republic of China and Indonesia began their history after their establishment in the late 1940s. Mao Tse-Tung began to rise in prominence in China as he helped lead a revolution against the Nationalist government. In 1953 the French occupiers of Indochina tried to contain a growing communist insurgency against their rule led by Ho Chi Minh. After their defeat at Dien Bien Phu in 1954 they were forced to cede independence the nations of Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam. Vietnam however was divided between the communist north and American-influence south, and conflict continued. By 1953 the three-year war between North Korea, supported by Russia, and South Korea, supported by the United States, had ended. This war resulted in a permanent border between the north and south sections of this country.
* After World War II the United States occupied Japan and assisted in its rebuilding. Social changes took place, including a move toward democratic elections, universal suffrage, emphasis on rebuilding of industry, as well as a fairly secure lifetime employment.
* In the 1950s Latin America was the center of covert and overt conflict between the CIA and the KGB. Their varying collusion with national, populist, and elitist interests destabilized the region. However, the intervention of the CIA allowed future exploitation of South American mineral and natural resources with no or minimal repayment to the general population. The United States CIA orchestrated the overthrow of the Guatemalan government in 1952. In 1957 the military dictatorship of Venezuela was overthrown. This continued a pattern of regional revolution and warfare making extensive use of ground forces.
* Post-war reconstruction succeeded, thanks to mostly non-corrupt implementation of the Marshall Plan. Europe continued to be divided into free and Soviet bloc countries. The geographical point of this division came to be called the Iron Curtain. It divided Germany into East and West Germany. In 1955 West Germany joined NATO. This alliance was formed out of fear to defend against a theoretical Russian ground invasion that never took place. The leaders of East Germany were equally afraid of this. In 1956 Soviet troops marched into Hungary.
* In 1957 the Treaty of Rome was part of the beginning of the process that led to the European Union. This union from the beginning was based on regulation and trade, and the weakness of basing a union on mercantile principles was not seen until into the 21st century.
* The Soviet Union continued its domination of the territories it conquered during World War II. Life was economically harsh and persecution of native religions intense. In 1953 Joseph Stalin, the leader of the Soviet Union, died and in the resulting power struggle head of the KGB Lavrenti Beria was denounced and executed. This enabled the future leadership of Russia to scapegoat them for the problems caused by the Communist Revolution. Popular rebellions in East Germany in 1953 and Hungary in 1956 were brutally put down.
* The United States, thanks to the GI Bill, low-entry-cost housing, and a booming economy, experienced a cultural shift as people acquired spacious housing, kitchens, and washing technologies that gave a higher quality of life. The Salk polio vaccine was introduced to the general public in 1955.
* Castro first attracted attention in Cuban political life through nationalist critiques of Batista and the United States political and corporate influence in Cuba. He gained an ardent, but limited, following and also drew the attention of the authorities. He eventually led the failed 1953 attack on the Moncada Barracks, after which he was captured, tried, incarcerated and later released. He then travelled to Mexico to organize and train for the guerrilla invasion of Cuba that took place in December 1956. Castro led the revolution overthrowing dictator Fulgencio Batista in 1959.
 
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NileQT87

NileQT87

Member
* After World War II the United Kingdom made a slow return from post-war rationing of food. The economy was also rebuilt slowly but thanks to abundant oil fields as well as geographical separation from the European continent it experienced more post-war prosperity than the rest of Europe. The incoming Conservative Party in the 1951 general election, decided to retain the Welfare State and National Health Service that had been established by the previous Labour administration establishing a post war consensus that would last a generation. The coronation of a young new Monarch with Elizabeth II instilled a sense of national revival but the debacle of Suez triggered a sharp decline of national confidence linked to the withdrawal from colonial possessions in Asia.

1960s:

* On January 3, 1961, President Dwight Eisenhower broke off ties with Cuba, saying that Fidel Castro had provoked him once too often.
* President John F. Kennedy and Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson take office in 1961; Kennedy establishes the Peace Corps.
* In April 1961, the U.S. government unsuccessfully attempted to depose Castro from power by supporting an armed force of Cuban exiles to retake the island. This attempt is known as the Bay of Pigs invasion.
* In a nationally broadcast speech on December 2, 1961, Castro declared that he was a Marxist-Leninist and that Cuba was adopting Communism. On February 7, 1962, the U.S. imposed an embargo against Cuba. This embargo was broadened during 1962 and 1963, including a general travel ban for American tourists.
* The Argentinian revolutionary Ernesto "Che" Guevara played a key role in bringing to Cuba the Soviet nuclear-armed ballistic missiles that precipitated the Cuban Missile Crisis in October 1962. During an interview with the British newspaper Daily Worker some weeks later, he stated that, if the missiles had been under Cuban control, they would have fired them against major U.S. cities. He was killed in 1967 by Bolivian government forces, but in the process became an iconic figure for the student left.
* Substantial American forces first arrive in Vietnam in 1961.
* 1963 - After Kennedy's assassination, Lyndon Johnson becomes president, and presses civil rights legislation; college attendance soars.
* U.S. President Richard Nixon is inaugurated in January 1969; promises "peace with honor" to end the Vietnam War; price inflation soars; Nixon imposes wage and price controls.
* The Quiet Revolution in Quebec modernized the province into a more secular society. The Jean Lesage Liberal government created a welfare state (État-Providence) and fermented the rise of active nationalism among Francophone Quebecois.
* On February 15, 1965, Canada got the new maple leaf flag, after much acrimonious debate known as the Great Flag Debate.
* In 1960, The Canadian Bill of Rights becomes law, and Universal Suffrage, the right for any Canadian citizen to vote, is finally adopted by John Diefenbaker's Progressive Conservative government. The new election act allows first nations people to vote for the first time.
* British Prime Minister Harold Macmillan delivers his Wind of Change speech in 1960.
* Pope John XXIII calls the Second Vatican Council of the Catholic Church, continued by Pope Paul VI, which met from Oct. 11, 1962 until Dec. 8, 1965.
* The May 1968 student and worker uprisings in France.
* Mass socialist or Communist movement in most European countries (particularly France and Italy), with which the student-based new left was able to forge a connection. The most spectacular manifestation of this was the May student revolt of 1968 in Paris that linked up with a general strike of ten million workers called by the trade unions?and for a few days seemed capable of overthrowing the government of Charles de Gaulle. De Gaulle went off to visit French troops in Germany to check on their loyalty. Major concessions were won for trade union rights, higher minimum wages and better working conditions.
* University students protested in their hundreds of thousands in London, Paris, Berlin and Rome with the huge crowds that protested against the Vietnam War.
* Students in Mexico City protested against the authoritarian regime of Gustavo Díaz Ordaz: in the resulting Tlatelolco massacre in which hundreds were killed.
* Australia and New Zealand committed troops to the Vietnam war with controversy and war protests.
* In Eastern Europe students also drew inspiration from the protests in the West. In Poland and Yugoslavia they protested against restrictions on free speech by Communist regimes.
* In Czechoslovakia 1968 was the year of Alexander Dubček?s Prague Spring, a source of inspiration to many Western leftists who admired Dubček's "socialism with a human face". The Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia in August ended these hopes and also fatally damaged the chances of the orthodox communist parties drawing many recruits from the student protest movement.
* The transformation of Africa from colonialism to independence dramatically accelerated during the decade.
* In the People's Republic of China the mid-1960s were also a time of massive upheaval and the Red Guard rampages of Mao Zedong's Cultural Revolution had some superficial resemblances to the student protests in the West. The Maoist groups that briefly flourished in the West in this period saw in Chinese Communism a more revolutionary, less bureaucratic, model of socialism. Most of them were rapidly disillusioned when Mao welcomed Richard Nixon to China in 1972. People in China, however, saw the Nixon visit as a victory in that they believed the United States would concede that Mao Zedong-thought was superior to capitalism.

1970s:

* Political authoritarianism in Arab and Middle Eastern states, combined with the settlement of the West Bank by Israel after a military victory in Israel's Six-Day-War war of 1967, led to a major increase in Palestinian suicide attacks against Israeli civilians. The Palestinian terror group Black September was involved in aircraft hijackings and a deadly hostage incident at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, Germany.
* On September 6, 1970 the world witnessed the beginnings of modern rebellious fighting in what is today called as Skyjack Sunday. Palestinian terrorists hijacked four airliners and took over 300 people on board as hostage. Later the hostages were released but the planes were exploded in front of world wide media coverage.
* The relationship between Egypt and Israel changed dramatically throughout the 1970s.
* In 1975, tensions between Christian and Muslim factions in Lebanon brought that country to civil war, which would continue sporadically for 20 years.
* The Iranian Revolution of 1979 transformed Iran from an autocratic pro-west monarchy under Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi to an Islamic, theocratic government under the leadership of Ayatollah Khomeini. Distrust between the revolutionaries and Western powers led to the Iran hostage crisis on November 4, 1979 where 66 diplomats, mainly from the U.S., were held captive.
* In Iraq, Saddam Hussein began to rise to power by helping to modernize the country. One major initiative was removing the western monopoly on oil which later during the high prices of 1973 oil crisis would help Hussein's ambitious plans. On July 16, 1979 he assumed the presidency cementing his rise to power. His presidency led to the breaking off of a Syrian-Iraqi unification, which had been sought under Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr and would later lead to the Iran-Iraq War starting in the 1980s.
* Idi Amin became infamous in the seventies for his brutal regime in Uganda. The seventies also witnessed the fall of Haile Selassie and Jean-Bedel Bokassa, and the continuation of apartheid in South Africa (and the death of Steve Biko).
* Indo-Pakistani War of 1971/Bangladesh Liberation War/Concert for Bangladesh. Indian Emergency 1975?1977 Martial law was declared in the Philippines on September 21, 1972 by Pres. Ferdinand Marcos.
* The Vietnam War came to a close in the early Seventies with the Paris Peace Accords. Opposition had increased in the United States which led to U.S. withdrawal in the early part of 1973. However, in 1975 North Vietnamese forces invaded the South and quickly took over the government breaking the treaty.
* In Cambodia the communist leader Pol Pot led a revolution against the American backed government of Lon Nol. On April 17 1975 his forces captured Phnom Penh the capitol, two years after America had halted the bombings of their positions. His communist government, the Khmer Rouge, moved the citizens into communal housing which led to starvation. The estimated death toll in the genocide ranges between 800,000 and 2.3 million. Vietnam invaded the country in 1979 which led to a long ensuing war between the nations.
* In 1969, Prime Minister Eisaku Sato negotiated with President Richard Nixon to hand over the island of Okinawa on May 15, 1972. The compromise for the handover was that the United States Armed Forces were still allowed to maintain military bases on the island after Okinawa officially became part of Japan.
* The Japanese emperor and the rest of his family were not well-received when they made public their intentions of their first ever state visit to Europe in the autumn of 1971. When he arrived in London in October, he was granted an audience with Queen Elizabeth, and in a semi-public appearance, Hirohito stopped short of a full apology for Japan's role during World War II. Instead, he pledged solidarity with the United Kingdom in the new era. Hirohito's statement was subsequently seen as a slap in the face by many war veterans. Hirohito received an equally unfavorable response when he visited Queen Juliana in Amsterdam in November.
 
NileQT87

NileQT87

Member
* The Communist Party Secretary, at this time, was Leonid Brezhnev, who had been at the helm in the USSR since 1964. The Soviet Union became the world's leading producer in steel, and oil. During this period wages were doubled which led to more focusing on personal lives rather than the traditional "Communist ideal". Despite this growth, inflation continued to grow for the second straight decade, and production consistently fell short of demand in agriculture and manufacturing. The USSR began to import grain from the United States, which expanded production "fence row to fence row". Consumer goods remained hard to get.
* Karol Wojtyła, a Polish cardinal, was elected Pope, becoming Pope John Paul II.
* The mid-1970s were a time of extreme recession for East Germany, and as a result of the country's higher debts, consumer goods became more and more scarce. If East Germans had enough money to procure a television set, a telephone, or a Trabant automobile, they were placed on waiting lists which caused them to wait as much as a decade for the item in question.
* At the start of the decade, President Richard Nixon proved to be popular with the American people, in that he sent the last American troops from Vietnam, and took the first steps to normalizing relations with China and the Soviet Union, both of which he visited in 1972. Nixon started the process known as détente when he joined the SALT I talks and eventually signed the treaty with Leonid Brezhnev. His high approval ratings led him to be overwhelmingly re-elected in the 1972 election against George McGovern. However, the Watergate scandal erupted soon after which put the entire Nixon administration in jeopardy. Nixon became the first President to resign his post, in 1974, and received a pardon for his involvement in the scandal by new President Gerald Ford later that year, a move which was seen by many as unfavorable.
* Ford's pardoning of Nixon, coupled with economic troubles felt by nearly every segment of the American population, cost him the 1976 election, in which he was soundly beaten by Jimmy Carter.
* Carter did not have any more luck than Ford had in curbing stagflation, as economists had termed it. Carter tried to address the price of imported oil and the subsequent energy dilemmas by creating the United States Department of Energy, but his efforts were largely unsuccessful, leading to the 1979 energy crisis, which was also felt in other parts of the world. Carter's leadership was also challenged abroad, with the aforementioned Iran hostage crisis, arguably the biggest blow to Carter's administration. The hostages were only released when Ronald Reagan took the oath of office on January 20, 1981, succeeding Carter.

1980s:

* Ronald Reagan was the President of the United States from 1981 to 1989.
* An attempt was made on the life of Ronald Reagan.
* Riots took place in the (mostly black) poor section of Miami in May 1980 and January 1989.
* During The Right Honourable Pierre Elliot Trudeau's term as Prime Minister of Canada (and under his oversight), Queen Elizabeth II signed the New Constitution of Canada on 17 April 1982.
* Swedish Prime Minister Olof Palme was assassinated.
* There was an assassination attempt on Pope John Paul II.
* In 1987, Ronald Reagan gave a famous speech at the Brandenburg Gate, at which he challenged Mikhail Gorbachev to "tear down this wall".
* Fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989.
* Margaret Thatcher held the office of Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1979 to 1990.

1990s:

* The bombing of the World Trade Center in U.S. (1993) by an explosive-filled van leads to awareness in U.S. of international terrorism as a rising threat.
* U.S. Congressman Newt Gingrich crafts his manifesto "Contract with America", leading his Republican Party to become the controlling majority in the U.S. House of Representatives.
* U.S. president Bill Clinton's sex scandal with Monica Lewinsky and his impeachment trial in 1998, which lasts the entire year.
* Quebec, Canada, in a rekindled wave of separatism by French-Canadian activists, almost seceded from the dominion in a provincial referendum on October 30, 1995.
* Germany reunified on 3 October 1990 and, after integrating the economic structure and provincial governments, focused on modernization of the former communist East. People who were brought up in a communist culture became integrated with those living in democratic western Germany.
* The European Community becomes the European Union on January 1, 1993.
* The birth of the "Second Republic" in Italy, with the Mani Pulite investigations of 1994.
* Civil Unions for gay partners legalised in some European countries (Denmark, Netherlands, Norway and Sweden).
* A decade of women presidents in the Republic of Ireland.
* The United Kingdom, after a recession in 1991?92 and its withdrawal from the European Exchange Rate Mechanism on Black Wednesday, experienced sustained economic growth that stretched into the new millennium.
* In the UK in 1994, Tony Blair becomes leader of the British Labour Party and begins the "New Labour" project moving the party to the centre of British politics, which in 1997 ends 18 years of government by the Conservative party in a landslide election victory.
* Peace process begins in Northern Ireland in 1995.
* Gulf War (resulting from Iraq's invasion of Kuwait) and United Nations embargo on Iraq in 1991.
* North Yemen and South Yemen merge to form Yemen (1991).
* Israeli Prime Minister Itzhak Rabin and Palestinian Prime Minister Yasser Arafat agree to the Peace Process at the culmination of the Oslo Accords, negotiated by the United States President Bill Clinton on September 13, 1993.
* In 1994, a peace treaty is signed between Israel and Jordan.
* Break up of the Soviet Union in 1991 ? the end of the Cold War, United States becomes sole world superpower. The Cold War was officially declared over on December 31, 1992.
* Dissolution of Czechoslovakia into Czech Republic and Slovakia (1993).
* Balkan war in former Yugoslavia in 1995.
* Kosovo war begins in late 1998. Roughly 12,000 people are killed during open hostilities between Serbian military forces and ethnic Albanian forces. The UN sends in peace keeping forces after NATO military actions result in a Serbian military withdrawal by early 1999. The US deploys American police officers to serve with the United Nations to help build a Kosovo police force.
* The First Chechen War war 1994?1996; Second Chechen War started in 1999, and is ongoing.
* In Japan, after three decades of economic growth put them in third place in the world's economies, the situation worsened after 1993. The recession went on into the early 2000s, bringing an end to the seemingly unlimited prosperity that the country had hitherto enjoyed. However, the rise of free market economics in China under more socialist regulation had not slowed that country's economic prosperity in the 1990s, and its economic growth continues.
* Less affluent nations such as India, Malaysia and Vietnam also saw tremendous improvements in economic prosperity and quality of life during the 1990s. Optimism and hopes were high following the collapse of Communism, and restructuring following the end of the Cold War was beginning. However, there was also the continuation of terrorism in Third World regions that were once the "frontlines" for American and Soviet foreign politics, particularly in Asia.
* South-East Asia economic crisis starting from 1997.
* The Tibetan Freedom Concert brings 120,000 people together in the interest of increased human rights and autonomy for Tibet from China.
* Portugal hands sovereignty of Macau to the People's Republic of China on December 20, 1999.
* East Timor breaks away from Indonesian control in 1999, merely a year after the fall of Soeharto from power, ending a twenty-four year guerilla war with more than 200,000 casualties. The UN deploys a peace keeping force, spearheaded by the Australian and New Zealand armed forces. America deploys US police officers to serve with the International Police element, to help train and equip an East Timorese police force.
* Great Britain hands sovereignty of Hong Kong to the People's Republic of China on July 1, 1997.
* In May 1999, Pakistan sends troops covertly to occupy strategic peaks in Kashmir. A month later the Kargil War with India results in a political fiasco for Nawaz Sharif, followed by a military withdrawal to the Line of Control. The incident leads to a military coup in October in which the Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif is ousted by Army Chief Pervez Musharraf.
* End of apartheid in South Africa (1994) and election of ANC government of Nelson Mandela.
* Eritrea gains independence from Ethiopia (1993).
* Military actions in Somalia in 1993 lead to questions of the United States' role as a police officer of the world. (See also Battle of Mogadishu).
* Rwandan genocide kills one million people, in 1994.
* The Second Congo War started in 1998 in central Africa and includes 5 different cultures and 7 different nations. It goes on until 2002.
 
NileQT87

NileQT87

Member
the lesson in all that, is that communism has been as much of a NIGHTMARE historically as facism, radical theocracy, etc...

v.i. lenin and the bolsheviks, joseph stalin, mao zedong, pol pot, fidel castro, etc... all together make a great case for communists being the bad guys. the communist definition of peace is peace is when everyone is communist--everybody else needs to be taken over or killed. pretty similar to the radical islamic terrorist definition of peace, which happens to be when everyone is a radical islamic--everybody else are infidels. what communism has shown is that it is not human nature to live those marxist ideals and be all the same as everybody else. it also has been used historically for corrupt dictators to gain power.

and it is historically correct to make them the bad guys in the '50s. in fact, mccarthy was right! we are still feeling the freaky communist tendrils today on our school campuses, the leftist loons, socialists, liberals and progressives, etc...

================================

grr, at the inability to edit posts after a specified amount of time!

addition to 1990s:

* The Boxer Movement was a Chinese rebellion from November 1899 to September 7, 1901, against foreign influence in areas such as trade, politics, religion and technology that occurred in China during the final years of the Manchu rule (Qing Dynasty). The Boxers began as an anti-foreign, anti-imperialist peasant-based movement in northern China. They attacked foreigners who were building railroads and violating Feng shui as well as Christians who were held responsible for the foreign domination of China. In June 1900, the Boxers invaded Beijing and killed 230 foreigners. Tens of thousands of Chinese Christians, Catholic and Protestant alike, were killed mostly in Shandong and Shanxi Provinces as part of the uprising. The government of Empress Dowager Cixi was helpless as diplomats, foreign civilians, soldiers and some Chinese Christians retreated to the legation quarter and held out for 55 days as a multinational coalition rushed 20,000 troops to the rescue. The Chinese government was forced to indemnify the victims and make many additional concessions. Subsequent reforms implemented after the crises of 1900 laid the foundation for the end of the Qing Dynasty and the establishment of the modern Chinese Republic.
 
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B

Bullwhip

New member
NileQT87-Solo_Baggins said:
we are still feeling the freaky communist tendrils today on our school campuses, the leftist loons, socialists, liberals and progressives, etc...
Click to expand...

Oh ****ing please.
 
S

seasider

Active member
It's amazing how much discussion mileage we can get out of one small piece of information like the name of a character. How the naming of Winstone's character turned into an argument about the history of communism is a sad example of fans starved for any information on the movie.
 
joelwatts

joelwatts

New member
NileQT87-Solo_Baggins said:
the lesson in all that, is that communism has been as much of a NIGHTMARE historically as facism, radical theocracy, etc...

and it is historically correct to make them the bad guys in the '50s. ...[/size]
Click to expand...

Thank you, Solo.
 
Dr.Sartorius

Dr.Sartorius

New member
Bullwhip said:
Oh ****ing please.
Click to expand...

I agree with Bullwhip. Just because people have liberal or left-wing beliefs that means they're Soviet-era communist beliefs? Sorry, but that's a pretty ignorant thing to say.

Progressives gave this country its freedoms.
 
Aaron H

Aaron H

Moderator Emeritus
Bullwhip said:
It means the previous statement was full of ****.
Click to expand...
One of the traditions we have at the Raven is that if you are going to insult the poster or the post, then you better be able to back it up. NileQT87-Solo_Baggins put together a well-thoughtout post that took a far amount of time to put together. To that you only insult without reasonable arguement otherwise.
At this point I would suggest you either, a) drop the insults or b) aruge your point of view just like NileQT87-Solo_Baggins did.
 
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